What is Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal Disease begins with a minor inflammation of the gums due to the formation of plague on the teeth.  As plague continues to build up and harden, tartar forms on the teeth.  The buildup of tartar causes recession of the gums and supporting bone which leads to the loosening of teeth that eventually fall out.

 
What is the Affect of Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal Disease can affect more than just your pet’s teeth and gums. Bacteria can enter the bloodstream through inflamed gums and attack the heart, liver and kidneys, potentially causing serious health problems.

 
Symptoms of Poor Oral Health include
  • Persistently bad breath

  • Bleeding, inflamed or receded gums

  • Loss of appetite or a change in eating habits

  • Pawing and sensitivity of the mouth

  • Lethargy

 
How is Dental Disease Evaluated?

No signs of plaque or tartar.

Home dental care is needed to maintain these healthy teeth and gums.  Brushing your pet's teeth regularly is ideal.  There are also products available to help make home dental care easy and hassle free.

Grade I / Mild Gingivitis:

Margin of attached gum is inflamed and swollen.  Plaque is covering the teeth.  Home dental care is needed.  Dental cleaning to remove current plaque buildup within the next year is necessary if there is no improvement.

Grade II / Moderate Gingivitis:

Entire gum is inflamed and swollen.  Mouth is painful and odor is noticed.  Dental cleaning to remove tartar is needed within the next month.  Addition of tartar control diet and home dental care is needed afterward for prevention.

Grade III / Severe Gingivitis:

Cherry red and bleeding gums.  Gum is destroyed by infection and tartar.  Sore mouth and bad breath.  Odor is evident.  Dental cleaning to remove tartar is needed immediately.  Addition of tartar control diet and home dental care is needed to prevent recurrence.

Grade IV / Periodontal Disease:

Chronic infection is destroying the gum, tooth and bone.  Bacteria is spreading through the body via the bloodstream and may damage the kidneys, liver, and heart.  Dental cleaning to remove tartar is needed immediately.  Some teeth may be loose and in need of extraction.  Home dental care afterward is necessary for prevention.

 
Avoid the Dangers of Poor Oral Health
  • Schedule regular dental check-up appointments
  • Based on your veterinarian's recommendations, schedule regular dental cleanings to remove plaque, stain and tartar
  • Brush your pet’s teeth to reduce plaque and tartar buildup between cleanings
  • Use dental prescription food as a balanced diet or as treats to combat dental disease
  • Use homecare dental products such as OraVet Plaque Prevention Gel or Nolvadent Oral Cleansing Solution
 
How are Dental Cleanings Performed?

Our licensed veterinary technicians perform dental cleanings under the supervision of our veterinarians. Dental cleaning is performed under an anesthetic. The dental procedure consists of removing plaque and tartar from teeth and from under the gums using sonic, ultrasonic, and hand scaling. The teeth are then polished and fluoride is applied to help protect the teeth between dental cleanings. In cases where there are deep pockets next to the teeth, a material of slow absorbing antibiotic may be applied to help heal the pockets.  An additional protective sealant can be applied to help prevent plaque buildup between cleanings.

 
When is it Necessary to Extract a Tooth?

Dental disease can cause gum recession which causes teeth to become loose.  Dental disease rarely results in cavities for dogs.  Teeth can become abscessed and, in cats, enamel erosion at the gum line can occur.  In these cases, our veterinarians will determine if the tooth can be saved or if the tooth needs to be extracted.

 
How can Periodontal Disease be Prevented?

You Can Stop Dental Disease Before It Starts ...

In addition to home care dental products and dental control diets, routine dental cleaning, polishing, and fluoride treatments can keep you pet's teeth and gums healthy and breath smelling fresh.